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1 The smear method is a method of making a film that uniformly coats materials on a glass slide. Smear materials include single-celled organisms, small algae, blood, bacterial culture fluid, loose tissues of animals and plants, testis, anthers, etc.
Pay attention when smearing:
(1) The glass slide must be clean.
(2) The glass slide should be flat.
(3) The coating must be uniform. The smear liquid is dropped to the right of the middle of the slide, and spread evenly with a scalpel blade or a toothpick.
(4) The coating should be thin. Use another slide as a pusher, and gently push from right to left along the surface of the slide where the smear solution is dripped (the angle between the two slides should be 30°-45°), and apply a thin layer evenly.
(5) Fixed. For fixation, chemical fixative or dry method (bacteria) can be used for fixation.
(6) Dyeing. Methylene blue is used for bacteria, Wright’s stain is used for blood, and sometimes iodine can be used. The dyeing solution should cover the entire painted surface.
(7) Rinse. Soak dry with absorbent paper or toast dry.
(8) Seal the film. For long-term storage, seal the slides with Canadian gum.
2. The tablet method is a method of making sheets by placing biological materials between the glass slide and the cover slip and applying a certain pressure to disperse the tissue cells.
3. Mounting method is a method in which biological materials are sealed as a whole to make slide specimens. This method can be used to make temporary or permanent mounts. Materials for loading slices include: tiny organisms such as Chlamydomonas, Spirogyra, Amoeba, and nematodes; Hydra, leaf epidermis of plants; wings, feet, mouthparts of insects, human oral epithelial cells, etc.
Attention should be paid to the preparation of the slide method:
(1) When holding the slide, it should be flat or placed on the platform. When dripping water, the amount of water should be appropriate, so that it is just covered by the cover glass.
(2) The material should be unfolded with a dissecting needle or tweezers without overlapping, and flattened on the same plane.
(3) When placing the cover glass, slowly cover the water droplet from one side to prevent air bubbles from appearing.
(4) When staining, put a drop of staining solution on one side of the cover glass, and absorb it from the other side with absorbent paper to make the specimen under the cover glass evenly colored. After coloring, use the same method, drop a drop of water, suck out the staining solution, and observe under a microscope.